Eugen schaal



UNITED STATES PATENT (OFFICE.

EUGEN SOHAAL, OF STUTTGART, WERTEMBERG, GERMANY.

COMPOSITION FOR SOAP.

EBPEOIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,854, dated June9,1885.

Application filed March 27, 1885. (Specimens) To all whom it mayconcern: Be it known that I, EUGEN SCHAAL, a subject of the King ofWiirtemberg, residing at Stuttgart, in the Kingdom of Wiirtemberg andGerman Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in.Compositions for Soaps, of which the following is a specification. Thisinvention relates to a soap composition in which petrol acid forms oneof the ingresults from the condensation of the vapors runs back into theretort. To the petroleum I add from twenty to thirty pounds of analkaline substancesuch, for instance, as oxide of calcium or causticsoda, or a mixture prepared of equal parts of oxide of calcium, causticsoda, and carbonate of sodaand then the retort is heated so as to causethe mass to boil violently under constant stirring, while at the sametime a current of atmospheric air or oxy gen is passed through themixture by means of an air-pump or otherwise. After the boiling hascontinued for about half an hour (more or less) an additional quantityof alkali is introduced, which may be effected through the cooling-tubein a manner well known to chemists. The whole quantity of alkaliemployed may be as much as one hundred and twentyfive pounds, ortwenty-five per cent. of the petroleum used. The supply of the alkalimust be regulated so as to have some free alkali present during theentire process of conversion. By the action of the oxygen the petroleumis converted into acids, which, being mostly insoluble in the remainingliquor, are

precipitated to the bottom of the retort.

Different kinds of petroleum, earth oils, brown coal-oils, or similarhydrocarbons may be converted into soap in the manner above described.

From these soaps the organic acids contained therein are separated,andan acid mixture is obtained which contains solid and liquid petrolacids. In preparing soaps suitable for cleaning floors, tinware, coarsemetals, washing greasy garments, or for laundry purposes in general Ican use either the solid or the liquid petrol acid.

In order to prepare soap I take a quantity of petrol acid and boil thesame together with a suitable quantity of caustic. alkali or of thecarbonate of an alkali. The liquid petrol acids appear to form ahomologue series having the general formula OnH,n ,O,for instance,O,,H,,O,, O H O &c. In order to form a soap from an acid composed of 011, 0,, one equivalent of sodium hydroside (NaOHO) is required, or aboutforty pounds of sodium hydroside to one hundred and fifty-six pounds ofthe acid; but this proportion varies according to the kind of soap to beproduced. The solid petrol acids are poorer in hydrogen and richer inoxygen than the liquid petrol acids. They contain from three to fouratoms of oxygen. The magnesium salt of a solid petrol acid contains(3:57.903 Mg:2 0:10.62 Equiv.

H: 7.313 H:16.1 Mg: 6.541 Mg: 1.

The silver salt of a solid petrol acid contains- 0:58.155 Ag :1080:22.36 Equ.

Ag:23.410 Ag: 1.

gens, do not form any substitution products, In testimony whereof I havehereunto set and that by the action of nitric acid the formamy hand andseal in the presence of two subtion of eiaidine does not occur. scribingwitnesses.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure 5 by Letters Patent, :is-EUGEN SOHAAL. [L. s.]

1. As an ingredient in the composition of soap, the petrol acid hereinspecified. Vitnesses:

2. A soap composed of the petrol acid FRIEDRICH OEIIM, herein specifiedand a saponifying alkali, sub- T. ROENIIEIM.

1o stantiaiiy as and for the purpose described.

